Federal Legislation Updates
Federal student aid policy is constantly changing, and we want to make sure you have clear, accurate information as you plan your education. This page reflects what we know right now and is organized to help you understand what’s changing, what it means for your program, and what steps, if any, you should be taking. We’ll update this page as new guidance becomes available, and our financial aid team is always available to help you think through your specific situation.
Helpful Resources:
Students are encouraged to check these sources regularly to remain informed about potential impacts to federal borrowing limits, repayment plans, and eligibility.
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The One Big Beautiful Bill Act: What Graduate and Professional Students Need to Know
Last Updated: June 2026
Federal legislation known as the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA), signed into law on July 4, 2025, makes significant changes to federal student loans and some aspects of Pell Grant eligibility. Most changes take effect July 1, 2026. We know these changes can be confusing, particularly for students already mid-program or just beginning to plan. Our goal here is to give you the clearest picture possible, so you can make decisions with confidence.
Federal legislation known as the One Big Beautiful Bill Act makes several major changes to federal student loans and some aspects of Pell Grant eligibility beginning with the 2026–2027 award year.
For most students, especially at the graduate level, the biggest changes are:
- The phase-out of Grad PLUS Loans for new borrowing.
- New annual and lifetime caps on how much graduate and professional students can borrow in Direct Unsubsidized Loans.
- New definitions and borrowing caps for professional programs (such as medicine, law, and certain clinical psychology doctorates).
- A shift to a new income-based repayment plan (RAP) and a redesigned Standard Repayment Plan over the next several years.
July 1, 2026 is the key date because it marks the start of the new borrowing rules and the transition to the new repayment structure.
No. Aid for the 2025–2026 academic year will follow the current federal rules. The new loan limits and repayment structure begin with loans first disbursed on or after July 1, 2026, which generally corresponds to the 2026–2027 award year.
If you are currently enrolled and receiving federal aid, you will continue under your existing aid offer for this academic year.
- For new borrowers: Grad PLUS Loans will not be available for students whose first Direct Loan for their program is made on or after July 1, 2026.
- If you have a federal student loan disbursed before July 1, 2026, while enrolled in a qualified program of study, you may borrow under current loan limits. This legacy provision lasts for three academic years or until you complete your qualified program of study, whichever comes sooner.
- Important: To be eligible for the previous loan limits; you must be continuously enrolled in your current program of study. If you take a leave of absence or don’t complete a term, you will be considered a new borrower and subject to the new limits.
| Program Type | Annual Limit | Lifetime Cap |
|---|---|---|
| Graduate (non-professional) programs | $20,500 per year | $100,000 aggregate |
| Professional programs (Clinical Psychology Psy.D./Ph.D., law, etc.) | $50,000 per year | $200,000 aggregate |
| Combined lifetime cap (all federal loans) | — | $257,500 across all types |
Note: Students enrolled less than full time will have their annual loan limits reduced proportionally based on the percentage of full-time enrollment.
Under the recent federal student loan changes, the Department of Education uses a specific definition of “professional degree” to determine which programs qualify for the higher professional loan caps and which fall under the lower graduate loan caps.
For loan purposes, a professional degree program is defined in federal regulation and currently includes:
- Pharmacy (Pharm.D.)
- Dentistry (D.D.S. or D.M.D.)
- Veterinary Medicine (D.V.M.)
- Chiropractic (D.C. or D.C.M.)
- Law (LL.B. or J.D.)
- Medicine (M.D.)
- Optometry (O.D.)
- Osteopathic Medicine (D.O.)
- Podiatry (D.P.M., D.P., or Pod.D.)
- Theology (M.Div. or M.H.L.)
- Clinical Psychology (Psy.D. or Ph.D.)
All other eligible master’s and doctoral programs are treated as graduate (non-professional) programs for loan-limit purposes—even if they also lead to licensure or advanced clinical practice.
What this means for you:
- If your program is classified as professional, you may have access to the higher professional loan caps.
- If your program is classified as graduate (non-professional), you will be limited to the graduate loan caps.
The Department of Education has reached negotiated rulemaking consensus, but final regulations and any clarifying guidance have not yet been fully published. Some details, including how certain edge-case programs will be treated, could still change as rules are finalized in 2026.
We will continue to monitor federal updates and will revise our program-specific guidance as new information becomes available.
No. The graduate vs professional labels come from federal student loan rules and are used to decide how much you can borrow in federal loans—not how valuable or important your program is.
The Department of Education has been explicit that the new structure is designed to put different caps on borrowing, not to rank programs by quality, prestige, or workforce importance.
That said, we recognize that students may understandably feel that a lower federal loan cap signals that their field is “less important” or “less professional.” This is especially true in fields like counseling, nursing, social work, education, and other helping professions that require advanced training and serve critical community needs—many of which are not in the federal professional category.
When you think about the value of your degree, consider:
- Impact and mission: Many graduate programs that fall under the “graduate” cap (rather than the “professional” cap) prepare you for roles that are essential for mental health, community support, K–12 education, and public health.
- Career pathways: Your long-term impact is shaped by the work you do, the communities you serve, and the skills you develop—not only by the federal label placed on your program.
- Institutional commitment: Our decision to offer and support a program reflects its alignment with our mission and its importance to the communities we serve, regardless of whether the program is coded as graduate or professional under federal loan rules.
We will continue to advocate for our students and programs through appropriate channels.
You do not need to make rushed decisions, but it can be helpful to:
- Clarify your timeline for starting or completing your program, especially if you are considering beginning before July 1, 2026.
- Meet with Financial Aid to:
- Review your current or projected borrowing under the new limits;
- Understand whether you may benefit from “legacy” Grad PLUS protections; and
- Discuss scholarship options and any employer or third-party funding.
Current students and graduates with federal student loans should pay close attention to these changes.
The SAVE Plan was vacated on March 10, 2026, after the Eighth Circuit reversed a February dismissal. Borrowers enrolled in SAVE must switch to another plan.
The Repayment Assistance Plan (RAP) is the newest income-driven repayment plan created by the OBBBA and is expected to be available starting July 1, 2026. For borrowers who take out student loans on or after July 1, 2026, RAP will be the only available income driven repayment plan.
Existing borrowers with loans disbursed before July 1, 2026, can stay on their current repayment plan until July 1, 2028. After that, PAYE, ICR, and SAVE close permanently. IBR remains available indefinitely.
Key repayment considerations:
- RAP offers forgiveness after 30 years—five to 10 years longer than IBR, depending on when you first borrowed.
- IDR forgiveness discharged in 2026 or later is taxable at the federal level unless you qualify for an exception such as the insolvency exclusion under IRS Form 982.
- If you are currently in SAVE, you need to act and switch to IBR or wait for RAP to launch on July 1, 2026.
If you are feeling uncertain or anxious about these changes, you are not alone. Financing graduate education is a significant decision, and it is appropriate to ask questions.
- For specific questions about your eligibility and loan options, contact our Financial Aid Office.
- For questions about budgeting, life planning, or financial stress, Student Support can help you explore broader resources, including housing, food access, transportation, and childcare where available.
We are committed to giving you timely information, realistic options, and a supportive environment as you plan your next steps.
What Should I be Doing Now?
You don’t need to make rushed decisions, but if you have questions about how these changes apply to your program and timeline, the best thing you can do is connect with our financial aid team. Some things worth discussing:
- Whether you may benefit from the legacy Grad PLUS provision based on your current enrollment status
- How the new loan limits affect your projected borrowing for the remainder of your program
- Which repayment plan is right for you, especially if you are currently on SAVE
- Scholarship opportunities, employer benefits, or other funding sources that may reduce your federal borrowing need